15.3. Membuat Repositori Paket untuk APT
Falcor Corp perlahan mulai mengelola sejumlah paket Debian baik dimodifikasi lokal dari paket yang sudah ada atau membuat dari awal untuk mendistribusikan data internal dan program.
To make deployment easier, they want to integrate these packages in a package archive that can be directly used by APT. For obvious maintenance reasons, they wish to separate internal packages from locally-rebuilt packages. The goal is for the matching entries in a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/falcot.list
file to be as follows:
deb http://packages.falcot.com/ updates/
deb http://packages.falcot.com/ internal/
The administrators therefore configure a virtual host on their internal HTTP server, with /srv/vhosts/packages/
as the root of the associated web space. The management of the archive itself is delegated to the mini-dinstall
command (in the similarly-named package). This tool keeps an eye on an incoming/
directory (in our case, /srv/vhosts/packages/mini-dinstall/incoming/
) and waits for new packages there; when a package is uploaded, it is installed into a Debian archive at /srv/vhosts/packages/
. The mini-dinstall
command reads the *.changes
file created when the Debian package is generated. These files contain a list of all other files associated with the version of the package (*.deb
, *.dsc
, *.diff.gz
/*.debian.tar.gz
, *.orig.tar.gz
, or their equivalents with other compression tools), and these allow mini-dinstall
to know which files to install. *.changes
files also contain the name of the target distribution (often unstable
) mentioned in the latest debian/changelog
entry, and mini-dinstall
uses this information to decide where the package should be installed. This is why administrators must always change this field before building a package, and set it to internal
or updates
, depending on the target location. mini-dinstall
then generates the files required by APT, such as Packages.gz
.
Mengkonfigurasi mini-dinstall
membutuhkan menyiapkan sebuah berkas ~/.mini-dinstall.conf
; dalam kasus Falcot Corp, isinya adalah sebagai berikut:
[DEFAULT]
archive_style = flat
archivedir = /srv/vhosts/packages
verify_sigs = 0
mail_to = admin@falcot.com
generate_release = 1
release_origin = Falcot Corp
release_codename = stable
[updates]
release_label = Recompiled Debian Packages
[internal]
release_label = Internal Packages
One decision worth noting is the generation of
Release
files for each archive. This can help manage package installation priorities using the
/etc/apt/preferences
configuration file (see
Bagian 6.2.5, “Mengelola Prioritas Paket” for details).
...