在本节中,我们将讨论安装之前有关硬件设置的一些问题。如果这些问题的确存在的话,您就需要在安装 Debian 前先做一些准备工作了。一般来说,准备工作包括:检查或者可能修改系统中 BIOS/系统固件(system firmware)的设定。所谓“BIOS” 或 “系统固件”就是硬件运行所需的核心软件。它在系统引导过程(即开机之后)中起到了至关重要的作用。
通常在 PowerPC 系统上不需要去设置 BIOS(称为 OpenFirmware)。OpenFirmware 常常配备 PReP 与 CHRP,但这也意味着依不同厂商而不同。您必须参阅计算机手册中相关的硬件文档。
在 PowerPC 的 Macintoshe 机器上,您在启动时通过 Command (cloverleaf/Apple)+Option +o+f 命令使用 OpenFirmware。一般情况下,它会按时钟顺序检验击键,但也会与不同的型号有关。参阅 http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/faq.html 了解更多提示。
OpenFirmware 的提示看起来像:
ok 0 >
注意旧型号的 PowerPC Mac 机器,OpenFirmware 与用户交互所用的默认和 某些硬连线的 I/O 是通过串行(调制解调器)端口进行的。如果您在这样的机器上使用 OperFirmware,您只会看到黑屏。在这种情况下,需要用通过调制解调器端口连接到另外一台电脑上的终端程序来与 OpenFirmware 交互。
运行在 OldWorld Beige G3 机器上的 OF 版本 2.0f1 和 2.4 的 OpenFirmware 是坏的。这些机器如果没有打固件补丁,就不能够从硬盘启动。固件的补丁包含在 System Disk 2.3.1 工具包里面,它位于 Apple 的 ftp://ftp.apple.com/developer/macosxserver/utilities/SystemDisk2.3.1.smi.bin。在 MacOS 上解包并运行,选择 按钮使固件补丁安装到 nvram。
This is an excerpt from IBM PowerKVM on IBM POWER8.
Open Power Abstraction Layer (OPAL) is the system firmware in the stack of POWER processor-based server.
There may be instances when the user might have to upgrade the Power Systems firmware to a more recent level to acquire new features or additional support for devices.
Make sure that the following requirements are met:
它们在系统上的次序。
the .img file of the OPAL level that the user needs to update to;
the machine isn't under HMC control.
Power Systems has two sides of flash to boot firmware from, namely permanent and temporary. This provides a way to test firmware updates on the temporary side of the flash before committing the tested changes to the permanent side, thereby committing the new updates.
Perform the following steps for the update:
Save the level of the existing firmware before really updating. In ASM, in the system menu, click Service Aids ??? Service Processor Command Line, and run the following command:
cupdcmd -f
Download the .img file of the level of firmware to be updated to a location in the host filesystem. Refer to IBM Fix Central for downloading the image file.
Verify the image downloaded by running the following command and save the output.
$update_flash -v -f <file_name.img>
Update the firmware by running the following command.
$update_flash -f <file_name.img>
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Verify the updated firmware level of the temporary side of the flash as in step 1.
In case the update has to be reverted, the user can do so by running this command:
$update_flash -r
Rejection would reject only the temporary side of the flash. Therefore, the new level should be committed to the permanent side only after thorough testing of the new firmware.
The new updated level can be committed to the permanent side of the flash by running the following command.
$update_flash -c
Slimline Open Firmware (SLOF) is an implementation of the IEEE 1275 standard. It can be used as partition firmware for pSeries machines running on QEMU or KVM.
The package qemu-slof is, in fact, a dependency of package qemu-system-ppc (which also provides the virtual package qemu-system-ppc64), and can be installed or updated via apt-get tool on Debian-based distros. Like so:
# apt-get install qemu-slof
SLOF can also be installed into rpm-based distribution systems, given the proper repository or rpm package. Additionally, the upstream source code is available at http://github.com/leilihh/SLOF.
Thus, one can use a different SLOF file rather than the default, when running qemu-system, by adding the command line argument -bios <slof_file>
when starting qemu.